Congenital Anomalies and Teratology
Congenital anomalies are structural or functional defects present at birth, caused by genetic factors, teratogens or disruptions during embryogenesis.
Embryogenesis and Tissue Differentiation
Embryogenesis describes the formation of germ layers and their differentiation into tissues and organs through coordinated gene expression and cell signaling.
Histology of the Placenta and Fetal Membranes
Placental histology examines maternal-fetal interface structure, evaluating villous maturation, vascular development and pathological changes.
Pediatric Neoplasms
Pediatric neoplasms are embryonal tumors that recapitulate developing tissues, classified by histology, IHC and molecular alterations distinct from adult cancers.
Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration
Stem cells maintain and repair tissues through self-renewal and differentiation, with histological identification guiding regenerative medicine applications.
