Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections
Parasitic infections are diagnosed through microscopic examination of stool, blood, and tissue specimens, antigen detection, serology, and molecular methods such as PCR and multiplex panels.
Ectoparasites: Lice, Scabies, and Ticks
Ectoparasites including lice, scabies mites, and ticks infest the external surfaces of humans and animals, causing dermatitis, secondary infections, and vector-borne disease transmission.
Helminths: Nematodes, Trematodes, and Cestodes
Helminths are parasitic worms classified into nematodes, trematodes, and cestodes, each with distinct life cycles, pathogenesis, and diagnostic features.
Intestinal Protozoa: Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Amoeba
Intestinal protozoan infections caused by Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Entamoeba histolytica are significant causes of diarrheal disease worldwide, diagnosed by microscopy and immunodetection.
Malaria: Life Cycle and Laboratory Diagnosis
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Laboratory diagnosis relies on microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests, and molecular methods.
