EMSA and DNA Footprinting
EMSA and DNA footprinting are classic methods for studying protein-DNA interactions, revealing binding affinity, specificity, and the precise nucleotides contacted by proteins.
BiochemistryFlow Cytometry
Flow cytometry is a laser-based technology that rapidly measures physical and chemical properties of individual cells or particles in a fluid stream.
BiochemistryYeast Two-Hybrid System
The yeast two-hybrid system detects protein-protein interactions in living yeast cells by reconstituting a functional transcription factor.
BiochemistryHeme Biosynthesis and Degradation
Heme is an iron-containing porphyrin that serves as the prosthetic group for hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, and other essential proteins.
BiochemistryNucleotide Analogs as Drugs
Nucleotide analogs are a major class of therapeutic agents that interfere with nucleic acid synthesis, used extensively in cancer and antiviral therapy.
BiochemistryPurine Metabolism
Purine metabolism encompasses the de novo synthesis, salvage, and degradation of purine nucleotides, which are essential for nucleic acids, energy transfer, and signaling.
BiochemistryPyrimidine Metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism covers the de novo synthesis, salvage, and degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides including uracil, cytosine, and thymine.
BiochemistryPCR Applications and Variants
The polymerase chain reaction has spawned numerous specialized variants and applications that extend its utility beyond simple DNA amplification.
BiochemistryAntibody Structure and Function
Antibodies are Y-shaped glycoproteins produced by B cells that recognize and neutralize pathogens through specific antigen-binding sites.
Biochemistry