Dynamic Light Scattering and Zeta Potential
Dynamic light scattering measures particle size and distribution in solution through Brownian motion analysis, while zeta potential quantifies surface charge and colloidal stability.
Advanced instrumentationAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
Atomic force microscopy uses a sharp tip scanned across a surface to measure topographic and mechanical properties with nanometer resolution, operating in air, liquid, or vacuum environments.
Advanced instrumentationTransmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
Transmission electron microscopy uses a beam of electrons transmitted through an ultra-thin specimen to form images with atomic resolution, revealing internal structure, crystallography, and composition.
Advanced instrumentationScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
Scanning electron microscopy uses a focused electron beam to generate high-resolution images of sample surfaces, revealing topography, morphology, and composition at the micro- and nanoscale.
Advanced instrumentation
FPLC
Fast protein liquid chromatography is a moderate-pressure chromatography system designed for preparative purification of proteins and other biomolecules.
ChromatographyHIC
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography separates proteins based on surface hydrophobicity using a high-salt mobile phase and a mildly hydrophobic stationary phase.
ChromatographyRPC
Reversed-phase chromatography separates molecules based on hydrophobicity using a nonpolar stationary phase and a polar mobile phase.
ChromatographyCapillary Electrophoresis: Principles and Instrumentation
Capillary electrophoresis is a separation technique that uses narrow capillaries and high-voltage electric fields to separate charged analytes based on their electrophoretic mobility.
ElectrophoresisCapillary Gel Electrophoresis: Size-Based Separation in Polymer Matrices
Capillary gel electrophoresis uses a polymer gel or linear polymer matrix within a fused-silica capillary to separate DNA, RNA, and proteins by molecular size with high resolution.
Electrophoresis