Amyloid, Pigment and Mineral Stains
Histochemical stains for amyloid, endogenous pigments and mineral deposits identify these substances in tissue sections for specific diagnosis.
Staining TechniquesCarbohydrate and Mucin Histochemistry
Carbohydrate and mucin stains detect glycogen, glycoproteins, proteoglycans and mucins in tissue sections for diagnostic histochemistry.
Staining TechniquesConnective Tissue and Muscle Stains
Connective tissue stains differentially color collagen, elastic fibers, muscle and fibrin to evaluate fibrosis, vascular disease and tissue injury.
Staining TechniquesH&E: Formulation, Chemistry and Troubleshooting
Hematoxylin and eosin is the standard tissue stain; its chemistry and formulation determine nuclear detail and cytoplasmic contrast.
Staining TechniquesStains for Microorganisms in Tissue
Histochemical stains for microorganisms enable visualization of bacteria, fungi, mycobacteria and parasites in formalin-fixed tissue sections.
Staining TechniquesAutomated Tissue Processing: Protocols, Reagents and Troubleshooting
Automated tissue processors dehydrate, clear and infiltrate fixed tissue with paraffin wax through programmed cycles of reagent exchanges.
Tissue PreparationDecalcification Techniques
Decalcification removes calcium from mineralized tissue to enable sectioning, using acids or chelating agents that must preserve morphology and antigenicity.
Tissue PreparationEmbedding and Biobanking
Embedding orients tissue in paraffin blocks for sectioning, while biobanking preserves tissue and blocks for future research and molecular analysis.
Tissue PreparationFixation: Theory, Chemistry and Fixative Types
Fixation preserves tissue morphology by stabilizing proteins and preventing autolysis, with the choice of fixative determining downstream staining success.
Tissue Preparation