Column Chromatography and Flash Chromatography
Column chromatography separates compounds by differential adsorption to a stationary phase, and flash chromatography accelerates the process with pressurized solvent flow.
ChemistryDistillation Techniques
Distillation separates liquid mixtures based on differences in boiling points, with simple, fractional, steam, and vacuum distillation covering different separation challenges.
ChemistryRecrystallization and Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Recrystallization purifies solid compounds by selective dissolution and crystallization, while liquid-liquid extraction transfers solutes between immiscible solvents.
Chemistry
Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP)
Co-immunoprecipitation is an antibody-based method for isolating a target protein along with its interacting partners from a complex biological lysate.
BiologyDialysis, Ultrafiltration, and Buffer Exchange
Dialysis, ultrafiltration, and buffer exchange are essential protein handling techniques for changing buffer composition, removing small molecules, or concentrating samples.
BiologyNative PAGE and Zymography
Native PAGE separates proteins in their folded, functional state, while zymography detects enzyme activity directly within an electrophoretic gel.
BiologySurface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
Surface plasmon resonance is a label-free optical technique for measuring real-time biomolecular interactions and binding kinetics.
Biology
Immunofluorescence and Immunocytochemistry
Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry use labeled antibodies to visualize the location and distribution of specific proteins within fixed cells.
BiologyMagnetic-Activated Cell Sorting (MACS)
Magnetic-activated cell sorting uses superparamagnetic nanoparticles and a magnetic column to isolate specific cell types from a heterogeneous suspension.
Biology
Bacterial Culture and Isolation
Bacterial culture and isolation techniques are the foundation of microbiology, enabling the growth, quantification, and purification of bacterial colonies from mixed samples.
BiologyBiochemical and Automated Bacterial Identification
Bacterial identification relies on biochemical tests and automated systems to determine the genus and species of an isolate based on metabolic and enzymatic profiles.
BiologyBacterial Staining: Endospore, Capsule, Flagella, and Acid-Fast
Special staining techniques visualize bacterial structures beyond the Gram stain, including endospores, capsules, flagella, and acid-fast cell walls.
Biology